高二下学期期末考试英语免费试卷带答案和解析（2019-2020年湖南省长沙市长郡中学）
♦Visit Pacific Science Center's Store
Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.
♦Hungry?
Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our cafe offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The cafe is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.
♦Rental Information
Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
♦Support Pacific Science Center
Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1. 3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter. org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.
【1】Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A.In Building 1. B.In Building 3.
C.At the Laser Dome. D.At the Denny Way entrance.
【2】Which of the following is NOT true?
A.If you are hungry during your stay at Pacific Science Center, you can go to the cafe in Building 1.
B.You can store your belongings in the Information Desk.
C.You can pay to use the pushchairs and wheelchairs.
D.ID card is required if you want to use the pushchairs and wheelchairs.
【3】What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?
A.Train science teachers. B.Distribute science books.
C.Inspire scientific research. D.Take science to the classroom.
【答案】
【1】B
【2】B
【3】D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太平洋科学中心的旅游指南的相关信息。
【1】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的The store is located upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。
【2】
细节理解题。根据Rental Information段落里的Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3.可知，在您参观期间，您可以使用储物柜存放任何物品。储物柜位于靠近问讯处的1号楼和3号楼。所以，你可以把你的东西放在问讯出是不正确的。故选B。
【3】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State可知现在太平洋科学中心每年向130多万人提供服务，并将基于探究的科学教育带到华盛顿州的教室和社区活动中。所以太平洋科学中心将科学带进教室。故选D。
Vicki Brown, 30, played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki, who has worked at the Royal Hotel for four years, told of her terrible experience when she had to steal into Bieber's bedroom and to watch him secretly. Then she waited alone for three hours while armed police prepared to storm the building.
She said： “I was very nervous. But when I opened the hotel door and saw 20 armed policemen lined up in the car park I was so glad they were there. ”
The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious （怀疑的）of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Year's Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said： “He didn't seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact. ” Vicki, the only employee on duty, called her bosses Margaret, 64, and husband Stan McKale, 65, who phoned the police at 11 pm.
Officers from Northumbria Police called Vicki at the hotel in Dunston, Gateshead, at about 11:30 pm to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes.
“It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said 'Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside?' My heart missed a beat. ”
Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and staircases to the top floor room and handed over the key.
“I realized that my bedroom window overlooks that part of the hotel, so I went to watch. I could not see into the man's room, but I could see the passage. The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed （戴上手铐）
【1】Vicki became suspicious of David Bieber because ______ .
A.the police called her
B.he looked very strange
C.he came to the hotel without luggage
D.he came to the hotel the day before New Year's Eve
【2】Vicki's heart missed a beat because ______.
A.the phone kept ringing
B.she would be famous
C.the policemen had already arrived
D.she saw 20 policemen in the car park
【3】The whole event probably lasted about ______ hours from the moment David Bieber came to the hotel to the arrival of some armed officers.
A.6 B.8 C.11 D.14
【4】David Bieber was most probably handcuffed in ______.
A.the passage B.his room
C.Vicki's bedroom D.the top floor room
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】C
【4】A
【解析】
本文是记叙文，文章讲述了一个勇敢的酒店工作人员协助警方抓捕罪犯的故事。30岁的维基在夜间值班时发现一个可疑男子入住酒店，于是通知了警方。几小时后在维基的带领下警方悄悄潜入酒店，成功抓捕了逃犯。
【1】
细节理解题。根据第四段维基的描述with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said : “ He didn’t seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact.拿着小行李箱，带着太阳镜和遮挡脸部的帽子，而且不愿意多说话，不做眼神交流。由此可知Vicki怀疑 David Bieber 是因为他看起来很奇怪。故选B。
【2】
细节理解题。从文中倒数第三段警方对她的要求Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside ？My heart missed a beat.你能让外面的警方认识你吗？我的心跳加速由此可知，Vicki的心跳加速是因为警察已经到了。故选C。
【3】
细节理解题。从罪犯入住酒店时间who checked in at 3pm the day和她领警察进来时间It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again下文3点到凌晨2点10分，可知整个过程用了大约11个小时，故选C。
【4】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 I could not see into the man’s room, but I could see the passage.我看不到那个男人的房间，但是可以看到走廊，可知Vicky 只能看到走廊（passage），再根据最后一句Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed，然后突然他出来了，因为警方让他趴下，他被铐上了手铐，可推知嫌疑犯从房间出来，在走廊上被铐上了手铐。故选A。
Scientists know that Earth formed about 4. 5 billion years ago. They also know that our planet was hot at first. As it cooled, its outermost layer, called the crust (地壳), eventually formed moving plates. Exactly when this shift happened, however, is an open question.
Now, an international group of researchers has an answer. They've found new evidence suggesting that Earth's crust started shifting at least 3. 8 billion years ago. The new estimate is 1. 3 billion years earlier than previous ones.
Not long before 3. 8 billion years ago, lots of small planets were hitting Earth, keeping its crust in a hot, melting state. After the hard crust formed, much of it sank at various times into the planet's hot insides. There, it melted before returning to the surface.
In some places, however, the crust never sank. One of the oldest such places is in Greenland, in an area called the Isua supracrustal (上地壳) belt. The rocky crust there is between 3. 7 and 3. 8 billion years old. The belt was once part of the seafloor, but now it is exposed to air.
The researchers recently took a close look at the Isua supracrustal belt. They noticed long, parallel cracks (裂缝) in the rock that have been filled in with a type of volcanic rock.
To explain this structure, the scientists propose that tension in the crust caused the seafloor to crack open long ago. Hot, liquid rock oozed from deep inside Earth to fill the cracks. Finally, the whole area cooled, forming what we see today.
That explanation, plus chemical clues inside the rock, suggests that the Isua supracrustal belt was once part of a plate under the ocean, beginning around 3. 8 billion years ago.
“It's a fantastic case of solving a jigsaw puzzle (拼图),” says one of the researchers. He notes that the puzzle was “ a very difficult one because these rocks are all very old and have been badly ruined".
【1】What can we infer from the text?
A.The shapes of continents and oceans changed slowly.
B.The Earth's crust started shifting 1. 3 billion years ago.
C.The crust began to shift when the Earth was hot.
D.The hit from small planets made the Earth cool.
【2】What do scientists know about the past of the Isua supracrustal belt?
A.It was once covered by the hot, liquid rock.
B.It remained under the deep sea.
C.It stayed hot and sinking.
D.It kept moving slowly.
【3】The underlined phrase “oozed from” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to
A.filled up gradually B.washed away quickly
C.flew out of slowly D.broke through suddenly
【4】The text is mainly about .
A.why the Earth cooled
B.how the Isua supracrustal belt formed
C.whether the ground beneath our feet is still
D.when Earth's crust began shifting
【答案】
【1】A
【2】B
【3】C
【4】D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了地壳是什么时候开始移动的以及Isua supracrustal belt（上地壳带）的形成原因。
【1】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Masses of land (called plates) slip, slide, and bump against each other, slowly changing the shape of continents and oceans over millions and billions of years.”可知，大量的陆地相互滑动和碰撞，大陆和海洋的形状正在慢慢改变。由此我们可以推断出大陆和海洋的形状变化缓慢。故选A项。
【2】
细节理解题。根据第五段关键句“The belt was once part of the seafloor, but now it is exposed to air.”可知，Isua supracrustal belt（上地壳带）曾经是海底的一部分，但现在它暴露在空气中。由此可推断出，Isua supracrustal belt过去是位于深海之下的。故选B项。
【3】
词义猜测题。根据画线短语上句“To explain this structure, the scientists propose that tension in the crust caused the seafloor to crack open long ago.”可知，科学家们提出很久以前地壳的张力导致海底崩塌。再根据画线短语所在句“Hot, liquid rock oozed from deep inside Earth to fill the cracks.”可知，炽热的岩浆从地下深处渗出，填满了裂缝。根据上下文可推断出，海底崩塌会导致岩浆从地下深处渗出，flew out of slowly意为“慢慢地冲出去”，符合语境。故选C项。
【4】
主旨大意题。浏览全文，根据第二段关键句Exactly when this shift happened, however, is an open question.（地壳移动发生在什么时候还是一个未知数）和第三段关键句They've found new evidence suggesting that Earth's crust started shifting at least 3. 8 billion years ago.（他们发现新的证据证明地壳移动至少开始在38亿年之前），由此可推断出，文章主要讲的是地壳是什么时候开始移动的？而Isua supracrustal belt（上地壳带）的形成原因只是在阐述这一主题时举出的辅助说明。故选D项。
Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.
Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on snorkeling ( 潜水), netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.
This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the eDNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden treefrogs. In Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian(两栖动物)diseases.
Ms Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mudsnail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.
Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.
【1】Compared to traditional survey techniques, eDNA is more______.
A. complex B. eco-friendly
C. dangerous D. convincing
【2】By using eDNA, Caren Goldberg has______.
A. succeeded in catching many fishes
B. found the existence of golden treefrogs
C. documented the spread of softshell turtles
D. confirmed the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho
【3】What can we infer from the last paragraph ?
A. Robots will replace scientists soon.
B. Some scientists are against using eDNA.
C. The old-fashioned field work may disappear.
D. Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.
【4】What is the best title for the text?
A. Science Fiction Becomes Reality for Species Surveys
B. Biologists Explore Space with the Help of eDNA
C. Scientists Found Methods to Test for Signs of Life
D. New Technologies Are Presented in Science Fictions
【答案】
【1】 B
【2】 D
【3】 C
【4】 A
【解析】
这是一篇科普文章阅读，主要向读者介绍了科学界一项新的采样技术——环境DNA，利用一点空气或水识别罕见的外来入侵物种或研究生物的多样性。
【1】推理判断题。根据第三段中She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques.可知，与传统的调查技术相比，eDNA更加环保。故选B。
【2】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Ms Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho.可知，通过使用eDNA，卡伦·戈德堡证实了爱达荷州豹蛙的消失。故选D。
【3】推理判断题。根据最后一段Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.可知，从最后一段我们可以推断出“老式的田间作业可能会消失。”由此可知答案为C。
【4】主旨大意题。根据第一段中But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.“但在地球上，通过一种名为环境DNA (eDNA)的新采样技术，科幻小说正在变成现实。科学家可以用它来鉴定稀有物种，或者用少量的空气或水来估计鱼类的数量。”由此可知，本文最佳主题是“Science Fiction Becomes Reality for Species Surveys”。故选A。
A. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby. |
B. People can stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them. |
C. For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside. |
D. This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world for very low prices. |
E. In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation. |
F. One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places |
G. More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays. |
【答案】
【1】C
【2】E
【3】A
【4】D
【5】F
【解析】试题分析：本文属于说明文，主要介绍了青年旅社出现的前因后果和运营的详细情况介绍。
【1】C 根据后句This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall.可知孩子们很少有机会到乡下去欣赏乡村的景色。故C项符合上下文。
【2】E 根据下句He decided to turn his little school house into a dormitory for the summer holidays.可知是这个人改变了这个情况。故E项内容符合上下文。
【3】A 根据前一句A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there可知房子太小了，要建设更大的房子了。故A项内容符合上下文。
【4】D 根据前句When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country可知年轻人必须要出示自己的card才可以享受这样的待遇。故D项符合上下文。
【5】F 根据下句For this reason, a few weeks spent ‘hostelling’ can be just as useful a part of one’s education as classes in school.可知这种形式对于学生的教育是有很重要的意义的，故F项“One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places”中恰好是我们可以从中学到的内容，故该项内容符合上下文。
According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 【2】in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 【3】 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 【4】 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.
Those who 【5】 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 【6】, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 【7】 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 【8】 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 【9】 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 【10】, they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 【11】 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 【12】 When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 【13】 and will be crowded out.
One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 【14】 Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 【15】 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.
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【答案】
【1】C
【2】B
【3】A
【4】D
【5】C
【6】B
【7】C
【8】D
【9】B
【10】A
【11】C
【12】B
【13】A
【14】D
【15】D
【解析】
本文是说明文，文章主要讲述的是市场开放，即全球化给人们带来的影响。文章中包含两种相反的观点，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的好处，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的问题，各有充足的论点和论据。文章最后，得出结论，全球化不可避免、无回头路可走，只有想办法找到一条最好的全球化的道路。
【1】考查形容词。句意：问题是，经济全球化对所有人都好吗（有好处吗）。possible意为可能， smooth 意为顺利的，光滑的，平稳的， good好的， easy简单的。根据上一句的“increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market”逐渐地把世界经济转变为了一个自由流动的全球大市场。很明显这是讲的市场开放的好处，故选C。
【2】考查名词。句意：经济全球化帮助减少贫困。crime犯罪 poverty贫困 conflict冲突 population人口。根据后文的“It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries ”中的increased wealth增加的财富，可知，市场开放给这些国家带来了财富的增加，财富增加了，那么就是减少了贫困问题。故选B。
【3】考查动词短语。句意：增加的财富使教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长。contribute to 促成，导致 respond to 对……做出反应 turn to 转向，向某人求助 owe to由于，根据后面的improved education and longer life 可知，教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长，因此是产生了好的促进作用，因此选择A项。
【4】考查动词。句意：这24个国家的人的收入增加了平均百分之五。remain 仍然 drop下降 shift变化 increase增加。根据上文中的It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries可知，这24个国家的财富增加了，也就是说他们的收入增加了，即increase。因此选择D。
【5】考查动词。句意：发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会。doubt 怀疑； define 定义、规定、明确；advocate 提倡、拥护； ignore忽视，根据后面的 “economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses”发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会，尤其是其中的“benefit from”可知，该观点的those人们是支持，提倡市场开放的，因此选择C项。
【6】考查介词短语。句意：例如，巴西的小农场主，他们生产的坚果原本只在当地市场销售。上一句讲到了小型的、家庭型的生意会获得等多的机会，该句讲的是他们具体是得到怎样的机会，因此属于具体说明、举例说明，故选择B 项的for instance意为例如。In addition意为此外，表递进关系。In other words换句话说，All in all总而言之。故选B。
【7】考查形容词。句意：例如，巴西的小农场主，他们生产的坚果原本只在当地市场销售。根据后面的“can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.”中的now, worldwide与前半句的originally和 in 56 open-air markets 是对比关系，即过去是当地市场，现在市场开放后是全球市场。因此选择C项，local 意为当地的；mature意为成熟的；new意为新的；foreign意为国外的。故选C。
【8】考查动词。句意：经济全球化加大了穷人和富人之间的差距。根据前面的“Critics take a different view”可知，该部分陈述的是反对市场开放的观点，因此他们认为市场开放会加大（widen）穷人和富人之间的差距。find找到；explore探索；bridge架桥、度过，widen 变宽；故选择D。
【9】考查动词。句意：只有少部分发展中国家是从中（市场开放）收益的。suffer遭受； profit获益、盈利；learn学习；withdraw撤退、收回。根据后面的“ the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind”可知，穷人、未受教育的人、没有技术的工人和当地人都被丢在了后面，也就是说只有少部分人是从中（市场开放）收益的，即profit from sth,从……中受益、获益。故选B。
【10】考查连词。句意：而且全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。furthermore意为，此外，表递进关系。Therefore意为因此，因果关系，however然而，转折关系 otherwise否则，转折关系。根据下文的“globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses.”意为全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。该观点与上面几句的观点类似，都是属于反对市场开放的，但是该观点与上面的加大贫富差距不一样，因此跟上一观点是递进关系，故选A。
【11】考查动词。句意：例如，印度的手艺人目前看起来是从全球化中收益了，因为他们可以出口他们的商品，但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。consume消耗、消费 deliver递送，发表，advertise做广告。根据上文中的“small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet”可知，当地人可以通过互联网把商品卖到世界各地，即向国外出口（export)商品，故选C。
【12】考查介词短语。句意：但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。根据“face fierce competition ”可知，激烈的竞争可能会导致他们破产，即out of business.Out of trouble 脱离困境 out of power 丧失权利 out of mind心不在焉。故选B。
【13】考查动词短语。句意：小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。keep up保持、继续、不落后；come in进来；go around四处走动、供应； help out帮助……摆脱困境。根据上文的out of business破产和下文的be crowded out被排挤出去可知，此处指的是小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。故选择A。
【14】考查动词短语。句意：全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的。take off意为起飞，脱掉；get along意为相处、进展；hold out意为伸出、坚持。turn back意为往回走。根据下文可知，随着科技的发展，还会有更多的开放政策，将会出现更好的全球化，因此可知，全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的，故选D。
【15】考查名词。句意：目前最大的挑战就是找到一个方法，来创造出一个能够对每一个人都有好处的全球化。agreement意为同意、一致； prediction预测、预计；outcome意为后果；challenge意为挑战。根据句意得知这是一个挑战。故选D。
The first religions started thousands of years ago,【1】people began to believe in spirits. These spirits were usually believed【2】 (control) things such as fire, wind, water and animals. There are many tribes around the world still【3】(follow) this type of religion, and they believe that some spirits are good while【4】 are dangerous. The people in these tribes often wear necklaces 【5】(make) from animal teeth or bones because they believe that this will protect them 【6】sickness and harm. According to the traditional 【7】(religion) beliefs of the Karen tribe from western Thailand, there are spirits living in houses, fields, water, rice and trees. They believe that the spirits must all 【8】 (give) presents of foods because if they are hungry, there will be great suffering and burdens for people to bear. The most important person in the Karen village is the priest and he is consulted 【9】 (regular) about sacrifices and other 【10】 ( ceremony).
【答案】
【1】when
【2】to control
【3】following
【4】others/some
【5】made
【6】from
【7】religious
【8】be given
【9】regularly
【10】ceremonies
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们信仰灵魂的原因及一些传统部落为了表达对灵魂的信仰而做的一些事情。
【1】
考查定语从句。句意：最初的宗教起源于几千年前，当人们开始相信灵魂的时候。根据句意和句子结构可知本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为thousands of years ago，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when。故填when。
【2】
考查固定搭配。句意：这些灵魂通常被认为能控制火、风、水和动物。句中涉及固定短语sb./sth. be believed to do sth.意为“相信某人/某物会做某事”。故填to control。
【3】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上有许多部落仍然信奉这种宗教。空格所在句谓语动词为are，且句中无连词，故应用follow的非谓语动词形式。句子主语many tribes（许多部落）与follow（遵循）之间为主动关系，即许多部落主动信奉宗教，故用follow的现在分词following。故填following。
【4】
考查固定短语。句意：他们相信有些灵魂是好的，而有些是危险的。句中涉及固定短语some…others…意为“一些……另一些……”，另一方面表达句意也可以用some…some…意为“一些……一些……”，表示一些灵魂是好的，一些是危险的。故填others/some。
【5】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些部落的人通常戴着动物牙齿或骨头制成的项链。空格所在句谓语动词为wear，且句中无连词，故应用make的非谓语动词形式。句子宾语necklaces（项链）与make（制作）之间为被动关系，即项链被制作，故用make的过去分词made。故填made。
【6】
考查介词。句意：因为他们相信这样可以保护他们免受疾病和伤害。句中涉及固定短语protect sb. from sth.意为“保护某人不受到某物的伤害”。故填from。
【7】
考查形容词。句意：根据泰国西部克伦族的传统宗教信仰，灵魂生活在房屋、田地、水、水稻和树木中。空格后单词beliefs意为“信仰”，为名词词性，前面应用形容词修饰。religion意为“宗教”，名词词性，对应的形容词形式为religious，意为“宗教的”。故填religious。
【8】
考查被动语态。句意：他们认为所有灵魂都必须得到食物的礼物。空格所在句They believe that the spirits must all _____ (give) presents of foods为宾语从句，从句主语the spirits与谓语动词give之间为被动关系，即灵魂被给予食物，故句子应用被动语态。句中含有情态动词must，被动语态句式为“主语+情态动词+be+动词过去分词”，give的过去分词为given。故填be given。
【9】
考查副词。句意：卡伦村里最重要的人是牧师，他经常被征求关于祭祀或其他仪式的意见。空格前单词consulted意为“咨询”，动词词性，后接副词修饰，regular意为“有规律的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为regularly，意为“有规律地”。故填regularly。
【10】
考查名词。句意：卡伦村里最重要的人是牧师，他经常被征求关于祭祀或其他仪式的意见。空格前other接可数名词复数形式，意为“其他的……”，ceremony意为“仪式，典礼”，为可数名词，故应用其复数形式ceremonies。故填ceremonies。
1.倡议同学们踊跃参加“职业规划周活动”；
2.说明活动的目的；
3.列举活动的2〜3项内容。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear students,
I feel honored to represent the school union to inform you that with the intention of raising the awareness of career planning, an activity named “Week of Career Planning” will be held at the second week of this term. Some colorful and meaningful events will be included in the activity, which will be arranged as follows.
To begin with, our school is going to invite some successful people of different walks to deliver speeches about their careers. Meanwhile, a list of careers fit for you will be recommended in the form of posters. What’s more, every class will be required to hold a class meeting on how to select careers. Last but not least, students will be welcome to visit the companies or factories related to the careers they are interested in or even get involved in the work of the field.
Warmly welcome to this activity and your participation will be appreciated. For more information, please contact the students’ union.
Thank you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求考生写一封倡议信，倡议同学们踊跃参加“职业规划周活动”。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般将来时，个别句子表达需要用到一般现在时。
结构：三段式：第一段介绍“职业规划周活动”的目的；第二段介绍活动内容；第三段期待同学们踊跃参加“职业规划周活动”。
要求：1. 介绍“职业规划周活动”的目的
2. 介绍活动内容
3. 表明期待同学们踊跃参加“职业规划周活动”
第二步:列提纲 （重点单词及词组）
represent (代表); inform (通知); meaningful (有意义的); arrange (安排); deliver speeches about … (发表关于……的演讲); a list of… (一张……的清单); recommend (推荐); in the form of… (用……的形式); hold a class meeting (开班会); related to… (与……有关); be interested in (对……感兴趣); get involved in… (参加到……中); appreciate (感激); contact (联系)
第三步：连词成句
1. I feel honored to represent the school union to inform you that an activity named “Week of Career Planning” will be held at the second week of this term.
2. Some colorful and meaningful events will be included in the activity.
3. Our school is going to invite some successful people of different walks to deliver speeches about their careers.
4. A list of careers fit for you will be recommended in the form of posters.
5. Every class will be required to hold a class meeting on how to select careers.
6. Students will be welcome to visit the companies or factories related to the careers they are interested in.
7. Warmly welcome to this activity and your participation will be appreciated.
8. For more information, please contact the students’ union.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1. 表文章结构顺序：first of all; to begin with (本篇文章使用过); firstly/first; secondly/second… ; and then; finally; in the end; at last
2. 表并列补充关系：What’s more (本篇文章使用过); besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition; additionally; not only… but also…; as well as; both…and…
3. 表转折对比关系：but; however; on the contrary; instead; although; in spite of; on the one hand…, on the other hand…; some…, while others…
4. 表因果关系：because; because of; for; so; since; thus; therefore; as a result; why
Finding Your Courage
Gold and brown leaves crunched（吱吱响）under Dora's boots as she made her way down the sidewalk. She could not wait to be home. The chill（寒冷）from the autumn winds was bad, but it was not nearly as hard to bear as the chill she felt in her heart.
She could not forget the way she had frozen in front of the class today. Mr. Roberts divided the class into groups to do presentations. Each person in the group would speak for five minutes in front of the class. Today was Dora's turn. Her legs trembled（颤抖）all the way to the front of the classroom. Her hands shook so badly that she could not read her notes. As Dora spoke, her voice became softer, almost to silence. Mr. Roberts kindly ended Dora's part of the presentation even though she had clearly not finished. He also asked Dora to stay after class for a moment.
“Dora, I know you're shy, but you worked hard on this project. I'd hate to see you give up on yourself. ” Mr. Roberts suggested, “If I give you another chance tomorrow, do you think you can find your courage?”
Dora nodded. She went as quickly as she could to her next class. She kept her head down and hoped the school day would end soon.
Arriving home, she found Mom baking in the kitchen. When Mom baked, Dora always watched and chatted with her. Mom always said it was Dora's company that made her baked goods taste so sweet.
Mom studied Dora's face as she came into the kitchen. “What's wrong, Dora?"
Tears shone in Dora's brown eyes. She told the whole story. Mom was silent for a moment, but her hands still busy with the cake.
“Why is it that you can talk to me about anything and everything, but you can't talk to your class?" Mom asked, sliding the round cake pans into the oven. She set the timer and then said, “Let me show you something. ”
Paragraph 1:
Dora followed Momma to her bedroom.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The next day Dora again walked to the front of the classroom to give her presentation.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Dora followed Momma to her bedroom. There was a large box at the foot of the bed filled with Momma’s old things. Momma dug around for a minute and found what she was looking for-a blue ribbon that said “First Place”. “I won it for public speaking. I started the school year as the shyest girl on the speech team, but I ended the year as the blue ribbon winner. It wasn’t easy because I was a very timid girl-not sure of myself at all. I worked hard, and mostly I faced my fears. You just need to find your courage.” That was the second time someone had told her that today. At that time, Dora seemed to know what she should do tomorrow.
Paragraph 2:
The next day Dora again walked to the front of the classroom to give her presentation. She could feel herself becoming nervous once more. Earlier that morning before school, Dora had borrowed Momma’s blue ribbon for encouragement and folded it into her front pocket to take with her. As Dora faced the class, preparing to speak, she remembered the ribbon in her pocket. She thought of Momma’s supportive words. Dora took a deep breath and began to speak with confidence. Today she found her courage.
【解析】
这是一篇读后续写作文。
通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要记叙了Dora在课上因为不敢发言，在全班同学面前呆若木鸡而感到难过。Dora伤心地回到家里，妈妈用自己的经历给Dora鼓励的故事。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：Dora跟着妈妈来到她的房间。所以后文应当描写她们进了房间后的事情，妈妈告诉Dora努力工作来克服自己的恐惧。第二段开头是：第二天，Dora又走到教室前面做报告。因此后文应当描写经过妈妈鼓励后Dora在课上的表现，她用妈妈的蓝丝带给自己打气，成功地找到了勇气。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。